The Uses Of Peony

The Peony is among the longest-used flowers in ornamental culture and is one of the smallest living creature national emblems in China. Along with the plum blossom, it is a traditional floral symbol of China, where the Paeonia suffruticosa is called Peony. It is also known as Peony) “flower of riches and honour,” and is used symbolically in Chinese art. In 1903, the Qing Dynasty declared the peony as the national flower. Currently, the Republic of China on Taiwan designates the plum blossom as the national flower, while the People’s Republic of China has no legally designated national flower. In 1994, the peony was proposed as the national flower after a nationwide poll, but the National People’s Congress failed to ratify the selection. In 2003, another selection process has begun, but to date, no choice has been made.
The ancient Chinese city Luoyang has a reputation as a cultivation centre for the peonies. Throughout Chinese history, peonies in Luoyang are often said to be the finest in the country. Dozens of peony exhibitions and shows are still held there annually.In Japan, Paeonia lactiflora used to be called ebisugusuri. In kampo (the Japanese adaptation of Chinese medicine), its root was used as a treatment for convulsions. It is also cultivated as a garden plant. In Japan Paeonia suffruticosa is called the “King of Flowers” and Paeonia lactiflora is called the “Prime Minister of Flowers.”
Autumn is the best time to plant peonies, because they have completed their season's growth but will make new roots in the fall when reestablished in your garden. They MUST have a cold dormancy period every year to bloom in the spring.
Herbaceous peonies do best in USDA zones 2-8. However if you live in a warmer climate you may have success with peonies by planting earlier blooming types that blossom before the heat of summer. Plant peonies in sun and well-drained soil, away from large trees or shrub roots. Tree peonies do best in slightly alkaline soil; other peonies can take slightly acid soil. The eyes should be covered with soil, 1.5 inches for herbaceous and 6 inches for tree. It's best to mulch the first winter after planting and to protect these plants from strong winds.
Peonies don't like to be moved or to experience any root disturbance. They are hungry feeders and will benefit from manure every winter. Let foliage die back completely before cutting down 2 to 4 inches. Remove or deadhead flowers when they fade. The blooming season is typically Mid-May to Mid-June. With a little care these long lived plants can provide you with years of enjoyment.